China Suspends Rare Earth Export Controls for One Year

China Agrees to Pause Rare Earth Export Restrictions

China will suspend planned expansion of rare earth element (REE) export controls for one year. The decision follows a trade agreement between US President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping in Busan, South Korea. Under the deal, tariffs on Chinese goods will drop from 57% to 47%. In return, China pledged to curb fentanyl exports and increase purchases of US soybeans.

The export suspension covers rare earth elements critical to electronics, energy, and defense industries. Despite the delay, China will maintain existing limits introduced in April, which already cover seven REE. New controls adding five elements—erbium, europium, holmium, thulium, and ytterbium—will now require export licenses.

Impact on Global Rare Earth Supply Chains

China dominates around 90% of rare earth refining and permanent magnet production. It also leads in key metals like copper, lithium, and nickel. Analysts from BMO Capital Markets noted the pause reduces trade tensions and stabilizes supply chains. Meanwhile, the US continues its push to rebuild domestic REE and critical mineral production to reduce dependence on Chinese exports.

G7 nations, including Canada, Germany, Japan, and the UK, plan a coordinated strategy for critical minerals. Agreements may involve stockpiling, purchase commitments, and guaranteed minimum prices. This initiative aims to secure stable global access to essential metals supporting renewable energy, EV production, and defense technologies.

SuperMetalPrice Commentary:

China’s temporary suspension signals a thaw in US-China trade tensions, giving global manufacturers a window to plan supply chains. Companies dependent on rare earths can leverage this period to diversify sourcing. However, long-term supply security will still rely on increased mining and processing outside China. Strategic investments in North America, Australia, and Southeast Asia will likely accelerate to counter Chinese dominance in critical minerals.