Vale Plans to Launch Low-Grade Iron Ore to Strengthen Position in Asia

Brazilian mining giant Vale targets Asian markets by introducing a new low-grade iron ore product. This strategy aims to address the challenges faced by Chinese steelmakers amid declining steel prices. The move could reshape iron ore supply dynamics in 2025.

Vale’s Strategy to Support Chinese Steelmakers

Vale focuses on China, which consumes approximately 62% of its iron ore exports. Chinese steel producers currently operate with squeezed profit margins due to falling steel prices. Vale plans to supply lower-grade ore to reduce raw material costs and help these producers stay competitive. By offering a more affordable alternative, Vale hopes to maintain and expand its foothold in the Asian steel market.

Market Trends Favor Low-Grade Ore Supply

The premium for high-quality Brazilian iron ore (65% Fe) has dropped to just 6%, compared to 63% for Australian ore with 63% Fe content. This steep decline from 20% in 2021 indicates reduced market incentives for high-grade beneficiation. Vale’s low-grade ore production will lower beneficiation costs, allowing the company to offer a cheaper product. This approach benefits both Vale and its Chinese partners amid fierce market competition and profit pressure.

Vale’s recent production data shows a 4.5% year-on-year decrease in iron ore output to 67.7 million tons in Q1 2025. Pellet production also fell by 15.2% to 7.2 million tons, while sales volumes rose by 3.6% to 66.1 million tons, reflecting the company’s focus on optimizing its product mix.