With the United States planning to exit the World Health Organization (WHO), the global health landscape faces a major shift. The US’s withdrawal threatens to leave a significant gap, both in financial support and influence, raising questions about whether the European Union (EU) can step in to fill the void.

Impact of US Withdrawal and the EU’s Potential Role

The United States has long been the largest contributor to the WHO, with over $1 billion in funding and a key player in shaping global health policies. If the US pulls out, as former President Donald Trump has indicated, the WHO will lose not only essential financial support but also expertise from hundreds of public health professionals. The gap left behind would significantly impact the WHO’s ability to pursue initiatives such as disease prevention, workforce training, and public health campaigns.

Germany has historically stepped up to fill financial voids left by the US, and while the EU has been an essential voluntary donor, the current political and economic climate raises concerns about whether EU member states will be able to provide the same level of support. Additionally, the loss of US staff, such as those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), further exacerbates the situation.

EU’s Global Health Strategy and the Future of WHO Cooperation

The EU has positioned itself as a key partner in global health, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic. Initiatives such as the EU Global Health Strategy and collaboration with the WHO on projects like improving the nursing profession and mental health surveys for healthcare professionals demonstrate the bloc’s growing influence. However, with the US exit and its effect on ongoing projects, the EU must reevaluate its role in shaping the future of global health governance.

The EU’s involvement in the Pandemic Accord negotiations is another critical area where its influence could expand. As the US withdraws from these talks, the EU’s stance may become increasingly pivotal in ensuring the success of global health agreements, particularly as the deadline for the Pandemic Accord approaches in May 2025.

While the WHO may adapt to the US’s absence, experts warn that this withdrawal could create a power vacuum, potentially allowing the EU or other global actors, like China, to assume greater leadership in health policy. As the global health system adjusts, the EU has a unique opportunity to consolidate its influence and push forward its global health ambitions.