Japan to Test Rare-Earth Mining from Deep Seabed Mud: A Critical Step in Securing Mineral Supply

Japan’s Groundbreaking Rare-Earth Mining Test from the Deep Seabed

Japan has launched a pioneering deep-sea mining project to secure rare-earth minerals. This month-long test, running from January 11 to February 14, aims to extract rare-earth-rich mud from the seabed 6,000 meters below the surface. The operation, conducted near Minamitorishima Island, 1,900 kilometers southeast of Tokyo, will be the first to continuously raise material from such extreme depths. Managed by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, the test aims to lift 350 metric tonnes of mud daily while monitoring environmental impacts.

Japan’s Strategic Push for Rare-Earth Supply Security

This deep-sea mining project is part of Japan’s broader strategy to ensure a stable supply of critical minerals. With China controlling much of the rare-earth market, Japan is looking to secure a more reliable domestic source. Shoichi Ishii, a program director at the Strategic Innovation Promotion Program, stated that the project aims to build a domestic supply chain for rare earths. Japan aims to reduce its dependence on China, and this mining test could play a crucial role in meeting future mineral needs.

The test will evaluate both the operational feasibility and environmental impact of the project. It will test the system’s ability to raise 350 tonnes of rare-earth-rich mud per day. After retrieval, the mud will undergo a dewatering process on Minamitorishima Island, reducing its volume by 80%. The material will then be transported to mainland Japan for further processing and refining.

The Long-Term Plan: Scaling the Operation

If the initial test is successful, Japan plans to conduct a full-scale demonstration by February 2027. The project has already received government funding of 40 billion yen ($256 million) since 2018. It aims to position Japan as a global leader in rare-earth production. Though the exact reserves in the region are undisclosed, the potential is significant due to the rising global demand for rare earths in industries like electronics, renewable energy, and defense.

Geopolitical tensions have also emphasized Japan’s need for a stable mineral supply. In June 2023, a Chinese naval fleet entered waters near Minamitorishima while a Japanese research vessel was conducting surveys. Shoichi Ishii expressed concern over these actions, highlighting the urgency of developing alternative sources for critical materials. Japan’s efforts reflect its increasing focus on mineral security in a rapidly shifting global landscape.

SuperMetalPrice Commentary:

Japan’s deep-sea rare-earth mining test could signal a major shift in securing critical minerals amid growing global demand. With rare earths essential for green technologies and electronics, Japan’s move to reduce dependency on China is both strategic and necessary. Success could inspire similar efforts worldwide, promoting sustainable sourcing practices. Japan’s investment in innovative mining techniques could shape the future of global resource security, ensuring stability in an increasingly competitive market.